Extracellular vesicles in renal physiology and clinical applications for renal disease
Many cells in the nephron release extracellular vesicles (EVs).EVs envelop nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids.The surfaces of EVs express donor cell-specific markers, ligands, and major histocompatibility complex molecules.They are involved in cell-to-cell communication, immune modulation, and ja morant cold photos the removal of unwanted material